the external field (the Orient), which Western writers imagine, has been largely predetermined by their Western cultural reality, weighed down since antiquity by the representations and the appreciations accumulated about the Orient, it has become more appropriate for researchers to avoid neglecting this aspect, which we consider the cornerstone of any study that seeks to explore the nature of Orientalism.

      Therefore, taking into account the literary aspect and its limitations presented by the question of the treatment of the Orient by the West as an external world, with the presentation of historical and political variables that have had an important impact on literary representations and perceptions, constitute basic data in this direction because they explain many Orientalist publications, which over time have highlighted superiority over the other and contempt for him and his civilization.