It is determinate that the adsorption of humic acids by the different forms of montmorillonite increases with a decrease in pH. Maximum adsorption of humic acids is observed in the presence of zinc ions, which is associated with the formation of chelate complexes of humic acids with zinc ions. Organic mineral systems based on humic acids of black alder fen peat and aluminum montmorillonite form observe maximum adsorption of lead and zinc ions, which is associated with an increase in their specific surface and adsorption capacity, due to the formation of a layered-columnar structure and slit-shaped micropores.