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The use of pesticides in agriculture has certainly led to a dramatic increase in agricultural yields worldwide. Nevertheless, it is not without consequences for the environment and human health. In this context, we conducted a survey among 67 farmers in the Plain of Triffa of the Berkane region to analyze their phytosanitary practices and assess the risks to the environment and human health. 98% of the farmers have never received training on the use of pesticides. 181 different commercial specialty chemicals were inventoried.  Insecticides (50%) are the most commonly used pesticides, followed by fungicides and herbicides with 28% and 10% respectively.  The whole is divided into 19 chemical families, the most inventoried of which are organophosphorus (30%) and pyrethroids (29%). Organochlorines, despite their worldwide ban, are still in use. Of the 68 active ingredients listed, the most frequently used are imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, lambda cyhalothrin, glyphosate, and deltamethrin. The doses used by farmers are in the majority of cases higher than those recommended.  As for the pre-harvest interval, few farmers comply with the prescribed standards. Almost all farmers (85%) neglect the necessary protective measures. Empty packaging of plant protection products is either abandoned in the wild, incinerated or reused for domestic purposes. Thus, the phytosanitary practices of the farmers surveyed are described as poor. Faced with this frightening situation, there is an urgent need to intervene to support farmers and agricultural producers for better professional and environmental protection on the one hand and for healthy and safe production on the other.