The effect of the crosslinking agent on the 3D template in the polymeric ion imprinting technology and its effect on the analytical efficiency of the adsorption of cadmium ions in aqueous solutions

تأثير عامل التشابك على القالب ثلاثي الأبعاد في تقنية الطبع الأيوني البوليمري وتأثيره على الكفاءة التحليلية لامتصاص أيونات الكادميوم في المحاليل المائية

Abstract

Ionic imprinting polymers (IIPs) are a class of synthetic materials designed to selectively recognize and bind to specific ions. The study used target cadmium ions as a template to create cavities in the polymer matrix that corresponded to the desired ion in size, shape, and charge. The choice of cross-linker agents is critical to the successful printing of ion-specific binding sites. Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) was used as a polymer, with sebacoyl chloride and diglycidyl ether as crosslinker agents to stabilize and lock printed cavities. The cross-linker process has been achieved for ionic imprinted polymers (IIP-S and IIP-DGEBA) in the presence of ions and non-imprinted polymers (NIP-S and NIP-DGEBA) in the absence of ions. The polymers (CMC, IIPs, and NIPs) were characterized by techniques including infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to study the functional groups and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the surface morphology and investigate the crystalline structure of the IIPs. The batch method was used to study the analytical efficiency of the polymer and the effects of sample loading capacity IIPs on cadmium ions. These polymers showed a high degree of affinity and selectivity toward the target cadmium ions due to the complementary binding sites created during the imprinting process. However, the difference in cross-linking agents had an effect on the regularity of the IIPs structure and the ion-loading capacity of the imprinted polymers.