Characterization of natural pastures in Niger : Diversity and methods of exploitation - bibliographic synthesis

Résumé

This study aims to characterize the diversity and exploitation patterns of natural pastures in Niger. The latter are full of a variety of plant species valued mainly in food (human and animal), indigenous medicine (to treat human and animal diseases) and crafts. However, climate change coupled with inappropriate anthropogenic activities have drastically disrupted the functioning of these ecosystems. This has led to the decline in the productivity of these environments, the rarefaction or even the disappearance of certain forage species, and especially the proliferation of invasive plant species without pastoral value such as Sida cordifolia. This bibliographic synthesis first presents the typology of these pastures as well as the floristic richness according to the phytogeographical compartments of the country. Next, she attempts to list endangered and invasively refuted plant species and their effects on natural pastures. Finally, the study discusses the methods of exploitation of these pastures without forgetting the legislative and regulatory tools in order to optimize their use.