Vulnérabilité des ménages face aux risques d’inondation, d’érosion et aux risques sanitaires lié à un assainissement inadéquat: cas des quartiers marché de 10frs, Mpièré-Mpièré et champs de tirs, Moukondo, Ngambio et Mikalou-Madzouna

Résumé

It appears that the city of Brazzaville is very frequently exposed to floods and erosions from March to April each year and that serious events occur with heavy rains due to malfunctions of the drainage network and the installation in naturally floodable and erodible land. The neighborhoods '' market of 10 francs, Mpéré-mpéré and field of shots '' built on low alluvial terraces where the flow of water is bad, are exposed to the risk of flooding in the rainy season. According to the results of the survey, (89.4%) households lost their material assets during the floods. They are often submerged, muddy water invades crumbling houses, sometimes causes casualties and thousands of homeless people. Those of Ngambio and Mikalou-madzouna are located on sandy hillsides where any concentration of water causes the risk of erosion (74%) households are faced with this situation. These neighborhoods are characterized by ravines, mudslides and partial burials of houses. The results of our surveys show that (78.8%) of households have traditional toilets. Measures taken by public authorities or by the population to address these environmental risks are ineffective.