REINNOVA Outils de lecture

In Morocco, epidemiological studies show the emergence of multi-drug resistance in human, avian, aquaculture and environmental salmonellae. The misuse of antibiotics as growth factors in livestock and their uncontrolled use in human and veterinary medicine are the main cause of the multiple resistances of bacteria to antibiotics. Multi-drug resistance is reported in several serotypes, mainly S.Typhimurium, S. Kentucky and S. Newport. This resistance is mainly ensured by the production of extended spectrum Beta lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid cephalosporinase. These enzymes confer high resistance to most therapeutic beta-lactams (with the notable exception of carbapenems in humans); and their genes, especially located on plasmids, propagate very easily between bacteria. It should be noted that some serotypes such as S. kentucky developed resistance to ciprofloxacin, S. Agona resisted to ceftriaxone by producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamase with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 16 μg / ml and S. Typhimurium produced an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase TEM-3 type. This multiresistance is associated with morbidity and mortality. These results are alarming and worrying, as given that Salmonella has developed resistance to antibiotics (fluoroquinolones and 3rd generation cephalosporins) prescribed for severe salmonellosis in adults and children. Consequently, the widespread dissemination of multi-resistance to antibiotics in salmonellae is a real public health problem.
Keywords : Morocco, emergence, multi-drug resistance, Salmonella, antibiotics, public health.