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We Know that the absorptive capacity is essential for countries with low levels of scientific and technical activity, for which they represent the greatest source of new knowledge. In this context, this article discusses the question of the development of the knowledge economy in Algeria and the issue of absorptive capacity. Despite all the Algerian scientific and technological policies that have been in place since 1990, the country can not yet build a knowledge economy. How can Algeria build a suitable absorption capacity to empower the scientific and technical base and thus move closer to technological frontiers? Given the situation in Algeria, we show, on one hand, that the first two stages of the absorptive capacity, defined as "potential absorptive capacity", are the most important and those that have to be implemented in priority. On the other hand, the use of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is the most appropriate scenario to this country for acquiring external knowledge.