GENRE, PAIX ET DEVELOPPEMENT LOCAL, LE ROLE DES ORGANISATIONS FEMININES DANS LE MAINTIEN DE LA PAIX EN CASAMANCE

Résumé

The concept of gender and development is in part the fruit of the second wave of feminism that marked Western societies from the end of the 1960s. It aimed to challenge the notion of "female condition" dominant at that time in science social groups which essentially understood the role of women in the family sphere. The concept of gender has been used to highlight “social relations of sex” within society. It aims to raise the status of women and promote development as a whole. Several projects came to perceive women as a major labor force essential to the socio-economic development of a country. Indeed, the integration of women in development has turned in the Third World into a way of manipulating the labor force of poor women to take on the lowest paid jobs of the capitalist production process.

From the questioning of this approach and the changes made to it, the second approach was born, the GED approach. This aims to help women take charge and share the benefits of development with all men and women. It therefore tries to improve the quality of life of women by allowing them to participate in the socio-economic development of their country and thus have a certain power and control over the most appropriate way to meet their needs. This approach has as a historical point of departure the recognition of the subordination of women. Its ultimate goal is to eliminate the subordination of the feminine to the masculine gender.

          In Senegal, women are reacting to counter the effects of poverty by getting involved in the socio-economic development of rural and urban areas. They also support men in arable crops, take care of the processing and marketing of harvested products. Sowing, weeding, harvests and conditioning are traditionally reserved for it. These multiple activities contribute to the definition of female identity and her social status. It is about the importance of the full and active participation of women, on equal terms, in the prevention and resolution of conflicts and in the building and maintenance of peace. This study is intended to be a contribution to illuminating the conflict by diagnosing the role of women's organizations in the maintenance of peace, development and women's leadership. It is about showing the place of women in the construction, consolidation of peace and development.