COVID-19: The Immune Responses and Immunotherapy

Abstract

The protective role of the host's immune response during SARS-CoV2 infection has become a critical issue in the absence of specific treatment, preventive vaccine, or immunotherapy. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, the immune response would contribute to the host's defense in the majority of cases, but is responsible for its pathogenesis in some patients. Thus, a better understanding of the immune response during human infection with Sars-cov-19 is important to optimize therapeutic and vaccine strategies. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by SARSCoV-2 infection, the immune pathways that likely contribute to disease severity and death, and clinical trials for treatment of Covid-19 by immunotherapy.