الإصلاحات العسكرية بالمغرب خلال النصف الثاني من القرن 19م

الملخص

■الملخص:

عرف المغرب خلال أواخر القرن 19م مباشرة إصلاحات عسكرية، همت بالأساس تحديث الجيش المغربي خلال فترة حكم السلاطين عبد الرحمان بن هشام ومحمد بن عبد الرحمان،والحسن الأول، وأسهمت الصغوط العسكرية التي تعرض لها المغرب خلال هذه المرحلة في رغبة سلاطين المغرب إصلاح الجيش لمواجهة التسرب الأوربي وتقوية الجبهة الداخلية.

■ كلمات المفاتيح: المجال الإصلاح العسكري،القرن 19،السلطان الحسن الأول، السلطان عبد الرحمان بن هشام، السلطان محمد بن عبد الرحمان، الجيش.

■Abstract:

The military reform has became a top priority amongest other reform claims because the Isly war defeat was of a military origin in the first place and therefore the moroccan sultans have tried throughout the second half the 19th century, to fix the military establishement and to empower it enough to stand against the European greeds that become even worst after the Isly and Titouan wars.

And while the formation of the system imbryo has been the headline of the reform during sultans Abderrahman Ben Hicham & Mohammed Ben Abderrahman’s era, sending correctional missions is considered one of the most important characteristics of sultan Hassn’s era.

Also it is worth mentionning that the sultans of this era has focused on buying weapons from Europ. Furthemore, they created a few weapon factories of their own especially in Fes and Marrakech. They have also started using military trainers. The purpose of this military reform was to stand against the european greeds and to maintain the Moroccan independence. Infortunately, the french protectorate in morocco 1912 and the increased perssure on morocco in the prior years was a strong proof that the reform fruits couldn’t be harvested, declairing the reform failure. So, what are the causes of this defeat ?

■Key words: The military reform, the Isly war,The sultan Hassn’s era, sultans Abderrahman Ben Hicham & Mohammed Ben Abderrahman