The search for performance is one of the major challenges for any organization. It is more so for small organizations, including Small and Medium size Enterprises (SMEs), because of their vulnerability. This imperative certainly explains the rapid development of performance management systems. However, even if the initiatives are many, it is often difficult to measure the factors explaining the performance. Moreover, given the plethora of related works, few have considered the organizational capacity of SMEs. This study aims to fill this deficiency somewhat by applying it to an African environment like Cameroon. The results of the study show that, the capacity to acquire external knowledge and innovation significantly and positively influence the organizational performance of SMEs.