International Journal of Arabic Linguistics, Vol 8 (2022)

Influence of Gender on Sociolinguistic Attitudes as Reflected in Animal Metaphors

Maisarah Almirabi

Abstract


This study investigates how tweeters of different genders use animal metaphors in reference to others, and what this indicates about gender related attitudes. The focal framework utilized Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT). Searches for tweets included targeting soccer club names and animal names conducting a basic Twitter search at: https://Twitter.com/search-home. The 938 tweets that resulted were categorized into four groups according to the gender of the addresser and addressee, i.e. f/f, f/m, m/f, m/m1 . The tweets that resulted revealed patterns that were associated with the gender addresser/addressee categories. Females posted 90 dog, 35 donkey, 1 monkey, and 4 pig metaphors. Males posted 354 dog, 405 donkey, 23 monkey, and 17 pig metaphors. The pig and monkey metaphors were found to be the least frequently posted by either females or males. Tweeters did not use the animal metaphor pig in reference to females. It is probable that the metaphors monkey and pig were not posted as frequently as dog and donkey due to context, as Saudi Arabia is not the natural habitat of monkeys or pigs. Moreover, females were never name-called using the metaphors monkey and pig, as these terms suggest ugliness and impure sexuality, respectively. The etiquettes, and netiquettes, of communication within the Saudi speech community occlude references to such traits with regard to females. On their part, females posted very few tweets using the terms monkey and pig to address males, and only to express strong reproach when the males had broken netiquettes or engaged in wrongdoing.