اﻹﺑﺪاع اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻣﺴﻨﺎوي وداﻧﺘﻲ

Abstract

ﺗﻘﯿﻢ ھﺬه اﻟﻮرﻗﺔ ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ آراء اﻟﺰﺟﺎل اﻟﻤﻐﺮﺑﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺎﺻﺮ إدرﯾﺲ أﻣﻐﺎر ﻣﺴﻨﺎوي وآراء اﻟﺸﺎﻋﺮ اﻹﯾﻄﺎﻟﻲ داﻧﺘﻲ أﻟﯿﻐﯿﺮي ﺑﺨﺼﻮص اﻋﺘﻤﺎد اﻟﻌﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻹﺑﺪاع اﻷدﺑﻲ ﻛﻤﺎ وردت ﻓﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺎﺗﮭﻤﺎ اﻟﻨﺜﺮﯾﺔ .واﻟﮭﺪف ﻣﻦ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﻘﺎرﻧﺔ ھﻲ رﺻﺪ دور اﻹﺑﺪاع واﻟﻤﺒﺪﻋﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺴﺎءﻟﺔ ﻟﻐﺔ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻻزدواج .ﻓﻔﻲ ھﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ، ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻔﺼﺤﻰ ھﻲ وﺳﯿﻠﺔ اﻟﺘﻌﺒﯿﺮ اﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪة ﻓﻲ اﻵداب اﻟﺮاﻗﯿﺔ ﺑﯿﻨﻤﺎ ﺗﺒﻘﻰ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻄﺔ ﺑﺎﻷدب اﻟﺸﻔﮭﻲ واﻟﻄﺒﻘﺎت اﻟﺸﻌﺒﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﮭﻠﻜﮫ .ﻏﯿﺮ أن ﻣﺒﺪﻋﯿﻦ أﻣﺜﺎل ﻣﺴﻨﺎوي وداﻧﺘﻲ ﯾﻌﯿﺪون اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻷﻣﺮ، ﻣﻔﻀﻠﯿﻦ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻔﺼﺤﻰ .وھﻤﺎ ﯾﻔﻌﻼن ذﻟﻚ ﻟﯿﺲ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻷﻋﻤﺎل اﻹﺑﺪاﻋﯿﺔ، وﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺘﻨﻈﯿﺮ .ﻓﮭﺬه اﻟﻮرﻗﺔ، إذن، ﻣﺴﺎھﻤﺔ ﻓﻲ آﻟﯿﺎت اﻟﺘﺤﻮل ﻣﻦ اﻻزدواج إﻟﻰ اﻷﺣﺎدﯾﺔ اﻟﻠﻐﻮﯾﺔ.

 This paper compares works by two poets who composed poetry in their colloquial varieties: the modern Moroccan poet and novelist Driss Messnaoui and the medieval Italian poet Dante Alighieri. In addition to their creative writings, these poets also wrote works of literary criticism in which they discussed the issue of language and which variety serves poetry composition best: the standard or the colloquial. They both express their preference for the colloquial, providing arguments that seem strikingly similar in many respects, although they lived in different historical periods and in different cultures. What unites them is the diglossic situation in which they found themselves in. this paper, therefore, is a comparative study of some of the internal factors that drive sociolinguistic change from diglossia to standard-with-dialects.