PANI@biomass composites for application in wastewater treatment via adsorption process – A review

Abstract

Water pollution represents a major environmental challenge with significant economic and technical implications. To address this concern, the development of multifunctional, sustainable, and environmentally friendly materials has attracted growing attention. Among these, conducting polymers and plant-derived biomasses stand out as promising candidates due to their functional properties and wide availability. This review provides a synthesis of recent advances in the design of hybrid composites that combine these two classes of materials, aiming at their joint application in the adsorption of pollutants (dyes and heavy metal ions) from aqueous solutions. It also compiles a list of these composites along with their adsorption performances and the corresponding experimental conditions. This paper focuses specifically on the use of composites prepared from the synthetic polyaniline (PANI) and biomass, namely PANI@biomass composites, in the field of wastewater treatment.